Page 33 - Final Report Improving information and developing a repository of sustainable soil management practices in Asia

ห้องสมุดกรมพัฒนาที่ดิน

2. Later, Her Royal highness Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn came to continue the project

and had a royal idea regarding guidelines of utilizing the original area in the community to
conserve plant varieties and way of life of villagers in the area of Suan Pa Ked Nom Klao (Ked

Nom Klao Forest Park) to focus on simplicity like in the past. The objective is also to control
construction to be in line with and not to destroy the environment so that this will be a prototype

of development for people in the nearby district. In fact, people of Song Kanong sub-district have
held on to this as guidelines for practice continuously to the present time.

3. Khung Bang Krachao areas consist of wetlands with the area accounting for about

11,818 rai characterized by an island surrounded by the Chaophraya river before the river flows
into the Gulf of Thailand. Therefore, the area is influenced by rising sea water at the end of the

year. Saline water floods the area until it becomes brackish water. Therefore, there is a structure
of the ecosystem of brackish water plants. This can be noticed from Nypa palm which is ubiquitous

along the line of the riverbank. Nypa palm growing as large Nypa palm forest groups is found at

some parts of the island. It holds the eroded soil at the riverbank well. The plant society in the
ecosystem of brackish water forests is the society of salt-tolerant plants. Besides the family of

mangroves, there are also local plant varieties found mainly in brackish-water forests, namely:
(1) perennial plants such as Sonneratia caseolaris, Aegiceras corniculatum, Xylocarpus

granatum Koenig, Barringtonia acutangula (L.) Gaertn., Intsia bijuga, Bruguiera sexangula,

Pometia Pinnata Forst, Dolichandrone spathacea, Thespesia populnea, Hibiscus tiliaceus. L.,
Cerbera odollam, Nypa palm, Nypa fruticans

(2) shrubs such as Glochidion Littorale Blume
(3) undergrowth such as Acanthus ebracteatus Vahl, Acrostichum aureum L., Derris

trifoliate Lour., Parthenocissus quinquefolia (L.) Planch.

(4) Climbers such as Stenochlaena palusris, Melanthera biflora (L.) Wild, Flagellaria
indica L.

and (5) living things found in the water are algae and plant plankton. Therefore, there are
high biodiversity and characteristics consisting of environmental factors as follows:

1) Rising and falling of sea water in the ecosystem of brackish water forests occur in
the area where the sea water does not flood so often by being influenced from waves and currents.

32