Page 7 - การศึกษาการผลิตถ่านชีวภาพและทดลองใช้ปรับปรุงดินสำหรับการปลูกพืชสมุนไพรฟ้าทะลายโจรในระบบเกษตรอินทรีย์แบบมีส่วนร่วม Study of Biochar Production and Sol Amendment Trial for Andrographis Herb in Participatory Guarantee Systems far Organic Agriculture

ห้องสมุดกรมพัฒนาที่ดิน

Study of biochar production and soil amendment trial for Andrographis herb in

participatory guarantee systems for organic agriculture

Surin Waijaroen Land Development Department

Abstract
Study on the use of biochar for soil improvement in Andrographis herb (Andrographis

Paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees) cultivation under participatory guarantee systems for organic
farming in the Kabinburi (Kb) (soil group 4 6 ) of Loamy-skeletal, kaolinitic, isohyperthermic

Typic Haplustalfs. The experimental design was randomized complete block with 3

replicates and eight treatments. The treatments consist of 1. control plot, 2. organic fertilizer
rate of 500 kg per rai, 3. organic fertilizer rate of 1 ton per rai, 4. organic fertilizer rate of 250

kg / rai combine with biochar rate of 7 5 0 kilograms per rai, 5. organic fertilizer rate of 500

kg per rai combine with biochar rate of 5 0 0 kilograms per rai, 6. organic fertilizers rate of
750 kilograms per rai combine with biochar rate of 250 kg per rai, 7. biochar at the rate of

5 0 0 kg per rai, and 8. biochar at the rate of 1 ton per rai. The results showed that there

were no statistically significant differences in soil pH among treatments, but soil pH of
control plot tends to be lower than the rest of treatments. While before the experiment

begin soil pH is very acidic to neutral, after harvesting soil pH was slightly acidic to neutral.
The soil organic matter and available phosphorus content were not significant difference

among treatments both before experiment and after harvesting. The extractable potassium
content increased at the beginning and decreased after harvest period where the extracted

potassium in control plot was significantly lower the rest. This implied that organic fertilizers

and biochar increased the soil extractable potassium. However, Andrographis herb had
taken up the nutrient during the growth and result in the extracted potassium amount in

soil after harvesting was lower compared to that of the soil before the experiment. The

height of Andrographis herb aged 1 and 2 months in the control plot and the biochar rate
of 1 ton per rai were significant lower than the rest. At harvest, the height of Andrographis

herb was not statistically significant difference among treatments. Similarly, fresh and dry

weights were not statistically different difference among treatments. Study on
andrografolide content showed that there were no statistical difference among treatments.

While the andrografolide content was related to the soil pH, in alkaline soil, the application
of biochar rate of 1 ton per rai caused the yellow leaves in Andrographis herb with

decreasing in the andrografolide content.

Keyword: Biochar, Soil Amendment, Organic Agriculture PGS, Andrographis Herb,
Andrographolide