Page 5 - อิทธิพลจากการเผาต่อระบบการปลูกข้าวโพด และคาร์บอนในดินบนพื้นที่สูง จังหวัดเชียงใหม่ Effects of Burning on Maize Production Systems and Soil Carbon on Upland in Chiang Mai Province.

ห้องสมุดกรมพัฒนาที่ดิน

Abstract

The study of the effects of burning on maize production systems and soil carbon on upland
in Chiang Mai Province. The objective of this study was to study the effects of incineration on the

maize planting system. Some soil properties and soil carbon including the economic return of maize
in the farmer area, Kong Khaek subdistrict, Mae Chaem District, Chiang Mai Province. The
experimental design was of randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 3 replications, consisting

of 8 treatments as follows; T1 : control (no stubble burning and no-tillage), T2 : stubble burning-
tillage, and the farmer's method, T3 : no stubble burning- no-tillage and the farmer's method, T4:
no stubble burning-tillage and the farmer's method, T5 : no stubble burning- tilling and the Thai
fertility soil management method (TSFM) with organic fertilizer at the rate of 2 tons per rai, T6: no

stubble burning - tillage and the TSFM method with the organic fertilizer at the rate of 4 tons per
rai, T7 : no stubble burning-tillage and the TSFM method with soil analysis, and T8 : no stubble
burning - tillage and the TSFM method. The soil properties, pH of 6 . 8 7 at a neutral level, organic

matter content and soil carbon content were 2.44 and 2.32%, and potassium in the soil was 91.33
and 434 mg/kg, respectively, decreased from before the cultivation. Because it is the main nutrient
that plants use for growth and food storage in the seeds. As for the average calcium and magnesium
st
content of 1 9 7 7 . 6 7 and 2 0 9 . 3 3 mg/kg, respectively, for the growth of maize in the 1 cropping
season, it was found that the maize plants in the T6 regimen had the highest growth at the age of
60 days after planting with an average height of 276.87 cm. as high as 1600 kg/rai. It was statistically
nd
different from other methods (p<0.05) and yielded the highest yield of 9,567.90 baht/rai in the 2
cropping season and the highest yield was 7,8 3 6 . 1 6 baht/rai. No statistical difference was found
(p>0.05). Therefore, soil management by tillage and apply the chemical fertilizers corporate with
organic fertilizers according to the T6 formulation were suitable methods to increase maize yield.
In addition, the study of nutrients in corn plants above the soil, the average organic carbon, nitrogen,

phosphorus and potassium were 34.52, 0.97, 0.05, 1.67 %, and the roots had 18.46, 0.61, 0.04 and
0.90 % of the average organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, respectively. The maize
biomass was 5 1 7 . 3 3 -9 5 4 . 6 7 tons per rai. The study showed the management of crop residues

before cultivation by tillage into the soil without burning stubble will increase nutrients and increase
soil fertility in the long term.