Page 12 - ผลกระทบจากการเผาตอซังและไม่ไถพรวนต่อสมบัติดินเพื่อ การปลูกข้าวโพดเลี้ยงสัตว์บนพื้นที่สูง จังหวัดเชียงใหม่ Effects of Burning and No-tillage on Soil Properties forMaize Production on Upland in Chiang Mai Province.

ห้องสมุดกรมพัฒนาที่ดิน

Abstract

A study on the effect of Burning and No-tillage on the change of soil properties for Maize

Production on Upland (slope:20%). The study was conducted on 60th soil group (AC-wd : Alluvial
Complex, well drained) in Kongkhak Sub-district , Mae Cham District, Chiang Mai Province, Northern

Thailand, Conducted in 2 0 1 8 -2 0 2 0 . Four treatments arranged in randomized completed block

design with 3 replicates.
Studies have shown that soil plowing has a higher rate of soil loss than non-plowing. Burning

plant stubble increases soil loss rather than chopping plant stubble into the ground. Because there's

no covering of the soil. No-till farming increases the bulk density of the soil than plowing. Cover
crop (Pinto Peanut:Arachis pintoi Krapov. & W.C. Greg.) As a result, the soil moisture content was

highest. Chopping plant stubble had a higher soil moisture content than burning stubble. Soil

plowing had a higher hydraulic conductivity of saturated soil than non-tillage. Chopping the stubble,
the hydraulic conductivity of saturated soil was higher than burning the stubble.

Plowing and chopping stubble had resulted in an organic matter, Total Nitrogen and
Available Phosphorus higher than burning plant stubble. But burning plant stubble results in higher

content of Available potassium, Available magnesium and Available calcium in the soil more than

chopping off stubble. Plowing the soil and burning plant stubble increases loss of Nitrogen,
Phosphorus, Potassium, Magnesium and Calcium were higher than non-plowing and non-burning

plant stubble.
The results showed no statistical differences in ear without husk weight and grain weight.

Planting methods with soil plowing cost 4,461 baht per rai. But, the non-tilling method costs 3,815

baht per rai. However, at all of the treatment, the cost of producing maize was lower than the cost
of the Office of Agricultural Economics, calculated at 4,470 baht per rai. Non-plowing and burning

stubble provides the highest income in the range of 8,837 – 10,284 baht per rai and the highest net

profit ranges from 5,021 to 6,468 baht per rai. Non-plowing of soil, not burning stubble and planting
cover crop, the income ranges from 8,508 to 9,462 baht per rai and net profit ranges from 4,692 to

5,647 baht per rai.

In terms of production cost and net profit, it was found that no tillage and stubble burning.
It will have the lowest cost and highest net profit. While not tilling the soil, not burning the stubble

and planting ground cover crops, costs and net profits are inferior. But That can reduce soil loss, loss
of plant nutrients from soil erosion as well. In the future, Environmental measures Good Agricultural

Practices for Maize Production (GAP) or measures not to bought or bought maize that has burnt
stubble at a lower price. Not tilling, not burning stubble and planting cover crops in maize

cultivation on uplands, That will be another option for farmers.