Page 4 - ผลของอัตราปุ๋ยไนโตรเจน ฟอสฟอรัส และโพแทสเซียม ต่อการเจริญเติบโตผลผลิต ผลตอบแทนทางเศรษฐกิจ และปริมาณสารเคอร์คูมินอยด์ในขมิ้นชัน Effect of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium Fertilizers on Plant Growth, Products, Economic Return and Curcuminoids in Turmeric (Curcuma Longa L.)

ห้องสมุดกรมพัฒนาที่ดิน

Abstract
Curcuminoids content in turmeric are medicinal properties that can use in medical field.

However, the current application of fertilizers for turmeric may don’t suitable. Because, the

data from study are little and standard values for interpreting soil and plant analysis results
deficient. Effect of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer rates to the interactions

between nutrients growth quantity and quality of output as well as the economic returns from
turmeric cultivation in experimental plots with low fertility was studied. A randomized

complete block design with four replications was used the study response of each

macronutrient. Turmeric cultivation using farmer method fertilizer (15-15-15 formula at the rate
of 50 kg per rai) was compared with the application of nitrogen fertilizer at the rate of 0, 9, 18,

27, 36, 45 kg N per rai, phosphorus at the rate of 0, 4, 9, 13, 18, 22 kg P O per rai and
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potassium at the rate of 0, 25, 50, 75, 100 and 125 kg K O per rai, respectively. The response
2
to fertilizer showed that fresh weight, dry weight of turmeric rhizome and the highest economic

yield when nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers (N-P O -K O) were applied at the rate
2 5 2
of 18-9-25 kg per rai, while, fertilizing more than the above rate reduced yields and lower

economic yields respectively. Because, other nutrients disturbed by excess nutrients from

antagonism. The concentration of calcium and magnesium in the leaves and turmeric rhizomes
decreased when potassium fertilizer were applied at all rates. Therefore, to adjust the balance

of soil nutrients and plants, calcium and magnesium should add along with potassium to
reduce nutrient interactions. However, curcuminoids from turmeric rhizome were synthesized

higher than normal when turmeric plant was under stress due to nutrient imbalance.

Therefore, turmeric may accumulate a high content of important substances when stressed by
stimuli at the appropriate level, such as nutrient stress, salinity, soil pH or dehydration, etc.

Such issues should study more.

Keyword: macronutrients, fertilizer recommendations, curcuminoids, nutrient balance, stress